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Food, Not Poison by Anda Damisa

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Nigerians are dying everyday with every meal we consume. Are you shocked ? I was as
shocked as you are right now when I found this out recently.

We have a major problem right before us and it seems like no one is talking about it so here I am, writing about the increasing dangers we face due to the proliferation of Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs) in Nigeria.


Do you know over 60% of food produced in Nigeria is produced by small women holder farmers
and over 90% of them use chemical pesticides? Most of these chemical pesticides are Highly
Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs) that have severe health and environmental impacts when proper
application and safety is not within reach.


Chemical Pesticides use leaves residues in the food we eat. Leaving us exposed to their
associated risk.

Traces of pesticides can be found everywhere from our fruits to our water, vegetables, in the air and even in the bees which are very important in the farming ecosystem.
Its dangerous effects are long lasting and devastating.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 385 Million people fall ill every year globally from pesticide poisoning.

Developing countries in the Global South (Africa, Nigeria inclusive) experience 99% of pesticide related deaths, even though they comparatively produce very little pesticide.

A lot of pesticide-related deaths are either unreported or attributed to unnatural causes yet pesticide imports into African countries especially Nigeria are increasing, a lot of these pesticides fall into the HIGHLY HAZARDOUS category.


Studies have revealed how pesticides contaminate rivers, lakes and groundwater causing too
many adverse consequences. These pesticides don’t just endanger our rights to food, they also
endanger our right to good health and safe environment. Even the United Nations considers
these HHPs a Global Human Rights concern.


One of the major pesticide tragic cases in Nigeria happened in Benue state in 2020 where over
270 people died from an initially diagnosed ‘mystery ailment’. It was later discovered that they
had been poisoned by a banned highly hazardous pesticide used by farmers in nearby
farmlands that had seeped into the local river.


In 2013, twenty-three school students in Bihar, India, died within minutes after eating a meal of rice and potato curry as part of a lunch program against malnutrition. The investigation found that the meal had been prepared with cooking oil that contained the pesticide monocrotophos.


This is why the increasing rate of food poisoning recently in Nigeria has been a serious source
of concern for me.


The effects of these HHPs on our poor public health care system is mounting but sadly we can’t even keep track because we lack a proper research and data system which makes gathering information on how these pesticides are used and the impact they are having on human health almost impossible. That is more reason for concern.


I was in Abuja recently where I was privileged to hear Mr Jochen Lucksheiter, the director of the Heinrich BÖLL Stifung foundation in Nigeria speak on the dangers we face from the increasing use of Highly Hazardous Pesticides by our farmers in the country.

“Based on the research that we have done on pesticides in Nigeria, we have found that what is particularly concerning about the high use of Pesticides in this country is that is that many of the Pesticides that are being used especially by small scale farmers are those that are in the category of highly toxic pesticides” He said.


“And these are already banned pesticides in countries with high environmental and public health standards such as the US, Japan and the EU, but are still being produced and exported to countries like Nigeria, they are also still getting registered and sold legally.


The HHPs list of the international Pesticide Action Network (PAN) currently contains 338 Highly Hazardous pesticides with high levels of acute or chronic hazards to health or environment according to international classifications, many of these HHPs are still used in Nigeria.


In 2018 and 2019, EU countries and the United Kingdom approved the export of a total of
140,908 tonnes of pesticides that are banned from being applied in European fields because of
unacceptable health and environmental risks. This is only possible because we lack effective
enforcement and regulations around the use of Pesticides in Nigeria.


Available data from 2015 to 2019 from NAFDAC’s Green Book product database, lists 682
synthetic chemical pesticide products (excluding chemical repellents) registered. More than half of these products include active ingredients that are not approved in the European market.


NAFDAC Pesticide Registration Regulation 2021 section 12(1) states that registered pesticides
are only for a period of 5 years.

So by Implication many of the registered pesticide products within the space 2015 and 2019 would have been deregistered and phased out by now hopefully?

One would have to access more data on registered products from NAFDAC to clear
the unsettle discomfort suggested by the data within the period.


We are not just suffering from the impacts of using HHPs health wise, we are also losing
economically. In 2015, the European Union banned the import of dried beans and other
agricultural products from Nigeria because they contained levels of pesticide residues
considered dangerous to human health.

Nigeria loses about $362.5million yearly in foreign exchange to the ban on the exportation of just beans in the last 8 years. Several of Nigeria home grown crops have continually been rejected when exported. These are huge economic losses to Nigeria.


One of the key demands every Nigerian should be making is for the government to create
regulations and laws that ban these highly hazardous substances from being imported. Infact,
Nigeria needs to join countries like Tunisia, Mexico and Palestine, that have laws banning the
import of pesticides that have been banned in the Exporting or manufacturing counties.


Delegates of Nigeria that represent us in international conventions need to take a strong stand
against accepting and trade of Highly Hazardous Pesticides, especially those banned in more
advanced countries that even have better facilities to ensure safety and a more advanced health care system to address the health hazards when it occurs.


However an import ban on these highly toxic substances can only do so much. There has to be
thorough registration processes for pesticides in general.

Effective pesticides control, aggressive sensitisation on the dangers of pesticides especially for the local farmers who oftentimes are unaware of the adverse effects of the methods they employ in their farming and the application of other safer methods of farming.


Research and real life practices here in Nigeria has shown that there are alternate farming
methods that work like the agroecology farm I experienced when I visited the Be The Help
foundation agroforestry project located at Damokosa village in Kwali LGA in the FCT, Abuja.


Farmers here have embraced agro ecology, a branch of agriculture that promotes farming
practices like the growing of crops naturally without the use of fertilizers. Interestingly, most
traditional farm practices do not use chemical farm input, and our fathers and ancestors thrived as nature based farmers.


Sustainable farming and environmental management practices need to be promoted in Nigeria.


An ecological future is possible, and Nigeria can be the organic capital of the world.


Until then, we live with a ticking time bomb. Every meal we consume daily is slowly killing us,
our environment is under grave threat and it’s never been more imperative to act as it is right now. Let us enlighten ourselves, do the same for others, then speak out and let our voice be
heard to safeguard our health and our future.

Food

Oats, potatoes… 8 foods that help lower blood pressure

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High blood pressure (HBP), or hypertension, is often referred to as the “silent killer” because it typically has no noticeable symptoms. But if left untreated, it can lead to serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.

According to a study, over a billion adults have hypertension with prevalence among adults in low and middle-income countries.

While medication is a common treatment, dietary choices also play a significant role in lowering blood pressure.

Several studies have proven that adding certain foods to your daily meals can help reduce hypertension naturally.

Without further ado, here are foods to incorporate into your diet to help lower blood pressure.

  • Oats

Oats are rich in beta-glucan, a type of soluble fiber that has been linked to lower blood pressure levels.

Beta-glucan works by reducing cholesterol levels, which in turn helps to lower blood pressure.

study on hypertensive rats found that beta-glucan and avenanthramide C present in oats reduce the levels of malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress in the rats.

This suggests that the fiber in oats can help prevent high blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

So, adding a bowl of oatmeal to your diet is a healthy way of managing blood pressure. You can also add fruits, nuts, or seeds to enhance the taste and health benefits.

Potatoes

Potatoes are filled with several plant-based compounds, making them an excellent addition to a blood pressure-lowering diet.

Potatoes are rich in potassium, which helps counteract the effects of sodium in the body and aids in the regulation of blood pressure.

They also contain magnesium, another mineral that contributes to healthy blood pressure levels by promoting the relaxation of blood vessels.

A 2021 study involving 30 adults with HBP found that a diet with potatoes, particularly boiled and baked, helped reduce systolic blood pressure significantly.

When trying to add potatoes to your diet, avoid fried potatoes. Opt for boiled or baked potatoes to maximise their benefits.

Beets

Beets are rich in dietary nitrates, which the body converts into nitric oxide.

Nitric oxide relaxes and dilates blood vessels, which improves blood flow and reduces blood pressure.

Studies have shown that drinking beet juice or adding beets to your meals can lead to a significant reduction in blood pressure, especially in those with hypertension.

To add beets to your diet, you can roast them, blend them into smoothies, or enjoy them in salads.

  • Eggs

Eggs can be a valuable part of a blood pressure-lowering diet as they are filled with high-quality protein and nutrients.

The proteins in eggs have been shown to have antihypertensive effects by acting as natural inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is involved in blood pressure regulation.

2023 study also found that eating five eggs or more per week can help reduce systolic blood pressure levels.

  • Leafy greens

Leafy greens like spinach and kale are rich in potassium. Potassium is a mineral that helps balance the sodium levels in your body.

Sodium is a major contributor to high blood pressure, and by increasing potassium intake, the body can better eliminate sodium through urine.

This process helps reduce tension in the blood vessels, leading to lower blood pressure.

Including a variety of leafy greens in your diet, whether in salads, smoothies, or as side dishes, can be a natural way to manage hypertension.

  • Berries

Berries like blueberries, strawberries, and cranberries are loaded with antioxidants including flavonoids and anthocyanins.

Anthocyanins have been said to increase nitric oxide levels in the blood and reduce the production of molecules that restrict blood flow.

This may help lower blood pressure levels.

study on various types of berries, including whole, freeze-dried, or juice forms, also found that they can help reduce systolic blood pressure by over 3 mm Hg.

Incorporating berries into your diet is quite easy. Because they make for a great snack, topping for yogurt or oatmeal.

  • Nuts and seeds

Nuts and seeds have been shown to have a beneficial effect on blood pressure.

These nuts and seeds include flaxseed, chia seeds, walnuts and almonds.

They offer a concentrated source of nutrients important for blood pressure control, including fiber and arginine.

Arginine is an amino acid that produces nitric oxide, an essential compound for blood vessel relaxation and blood pressure reduction.

  • Yogurt

Yogurt is a great source of calcium and potassium and also contains probiotics that support overall cardiovascular health.

A review found that consuming three servings of dairy per day can help lower blood pressure by 13%.

A 200-gram increase in one’s diet per day is linked to a 5% reduction in risk for high blood pressure.

However, be sure to choose plain, unsweetened varieties to avoid excess sugar. Making these dietary changes helps you take a proactive approach to your health.

Potentially reducing the need for medication and decreasing the risk of serious health complications.

However, always consult your healthcare professionals before making significant changes to your diet or treatment plan.

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Four reasons you should eat more mangoes

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If you grew up in Nigeria or any other African country, you’re probably familiar with the mango fruit. In Nigeria, this fruit is commonly available during the rainy season. It’s another mango season and you’re bound to come across vendors, stores, and markets selling these fruits more often than not.

Mangoes come in different colours and sizes depending on their species. Mangoes vary from bright yellow, dark green, pink-green, red, and peach colours and can be found easily.

German [Opioro], Cotonou, Sheri, Kerosene, Julie, Peter are names to the commonly found mango types in Nigeria. These mango types are probably very familiar to you, right?

So why should you eat more mangoes even though you’ve practically grown knowing them your whole life? The answer is simple; mangoes contain a large number of nutritional benefits for proper skin, body, and hair development.

What are these benefits you may ask:

Mangoes Are Great For Clear Skin
Vitamins A and C are major components which promote healthy skin. Mangoes are packed with lots of Vitamins A and C and when eaten habitually, promotes healthy skin.

Mangoes are equally known to exfoliate and eliminate dead pores on the skin.

In addition to the mentioned benefits, mangoes also help improve signs of ageing as it contains antioxidants which rejuvenate the skin.

Potassium and Vitamin E [both contained in mangoes] work alongside each other to keep cells hydrated to moisturize the skin. As well as working to hydrate the skin, Antioxidants also work to improve skin tone.

Mangoes Are Great For Weight Loss
Mangoes are fat-free and therefore, a great choice of food for people on the journey of shedding weight.

While the ability of mangoes in aiding weight loss has been considered by some to be factual or a myth, there’s an important truth to note. While mangoes might indeed aid in weight loss, eating only mangoes may not necessarily be a good way to go about it. However, replacing unhealthy snacks with mangoes and other fruits is the best way to go about this.

Mangoes Improve Eyesight
If you’re keen on improving your sight, mangoes might provide additional benefits to you. Certain nutrients found in mangoes are beneficial for the proper functioning of the human eyes.

Remember that mangoes are rich in vitamin A and this vitamin is a great preserver of eyesight reducing the risks of eye defects such as; night blindness etc.

Remember to combine mangoes with other food items such as oysters, seafood, carrots, etc for the best results in improving your eyes.

Mangoes Aid in Digestion
Battling with digestion issues? Then mangoes might be the answer for you as this fruit is known to aid in digestion. According to ‘Healing Foods’ by DK Publishing, mangoes contain enzymes that aid the breakdown and digestion of protein.

Having read about these benefits, would you be eating more mangoes this season?

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7 foods you need to eat after a workout

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The food you consume post-exercise can impact your recovery, muscle growth, and overall progress toward your fitness goals.

Whether you’re aiming to bulk up, lose weight, or simply maintain your current physique, knowing what to eat after a workout is essential.

Here are seven key foods to incorporate into your post-workout routine, and how each one contributes to your fitness journey.

Greek yoghurt is a protein powerhouse, making it an ideal post-workout snack. It contains more protein than regular yoghurt, which helps repair muscle fibres and promotes growth. Pairing it with fruits like berries or bananas adds natural sugars, replenishing glycogen stores and providing antioxidants that combat exercise-induced stress.

Surprisingly, chocolate milk is an excellent recovery drink. It offers an optimal 4:1 ratio of carbohydrates to protein, crucial for replenishing glycogen and promoting muscle repair. It’s also a convenient and tasty option, perfect for those who need a quick refuel on the go.

3. Sweet potatoes

Sweet potatoes are rich in complex carbohydrates, which slowly release energy and help restore glycogen levels depleted during exercise. They are also a great source of dietary fibre, vitamins, and minerals like potassium, which aids in muscle function and recovery.

For a heartier meal, consider a salmon and quinoa salad. Salmon is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which reduce inflammation and muscle soreness. Quinoa provides complete protein and complex carbs, making this combo perfect for muscle repair and energy replenishment.

Protein shakes are a versatile option, allowing you to tailor your intake based on dietary needs. Whether using whey or plant-based protein, these shakes provide a quick and efficient way to deliver protein to your muscles, aiding in recovery and growth. You can blend them with fruits or oats for added carbs.

6. Avocado toast with eggs

Avocado toast is a delicious and nutrient-dense option. Avocados provide healthy fats that support joint health and hormone production. Adding eggs increases the protein content, essential for muscle repair. This combo is not only filling but also loaded with essential nutrients like potassium and magnesium.

Cottage cheese is another excellent source of protein, containing casein, a slow-digesting protein that keeps you full longer. Combining it with granola provides additional carbs and a satisfying crunch. It’s a simple yet effective way to nourish your body post-workout.

Incorporating these foods into your post-workout meals can make a great difference in how quickly and effectively your body recovers.

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