News
Scientists research unfold new Marijuana Addiction Gene
Scientist are saying that people who just can’t go a day without taking a sniff of marijuana aren’t doing it because they want to get high, but also because there is an addiction gene in the plant. A recent Yale study may have identified the specific genes involved in cannabis dependence (CAD).
via The Daily Beast:
“We showed that risk for cannabis dependence is affected specifically by certain risk alleles and these risk alleles fit biologically with some of our existing ideas of the nature of cannabis dependence,” Dr. Joel Gelernter, senior author of the study and a Yale psychiatrist, told The Daily Beast.
For their study, which was published in JAMA Psychiatry, Dr. Gelernter and his team analyzed the genes of nearly 15,000 people sampled from three independent substance dependence cohorts. The participants were being followed for several years in order to try and understand the genetics of various types of addiction.
Between 18 and 36 percent of the sample had an addiction to cannabis. These percentages are proportionally higher than the 10 percent of people who, on average, develop a dependence to cannabis. In order to up their chances of finding predictive genes, a higher number of people with CAD was needed.
While the discovery of genes specific to cannabis dependence is interesting in itself, what’s even more telling are the disorders these genes share. “We also showed that genetic predisposition for cannabis dependence overlaps with genetic predisposition for major depression and schizophrenia,” Dr. Gelernter said, adding that his team was particularly surprised to find the gene overlap between cannabis dependence and major depression.
These results help explain prior research into cannabis dependence that Dr. Gelernter alluded to earlier. For instance, a 2002 study found that 90 percent of people with CAD had some other psychiatric condition. If cannabis dependence shares some of the same genes with disorders such as major depression, then that finding of a 90 percent co-occurrence makes all the more sense.
But one must interpret these results carefully. The authors from Yale write, “Substance use and other psychiatric illnesses may share common genetic risk factors,” or the reverse might be true, that “self-medication, or confounding by other factors may explain their co-occurrence.”
It’s been hotly debated among scientists whether the use of cannabis early in life eventually leads to depressive symptoms later on, or whether people self-medicate such symptoms with cannabis, in order to feel better. The latter is often referred to as the self-medication hypothesis. One recent study found evidence for the former, that cannabis use in young adults eventually leads to depression later in life. On the contrary, another studyfound no evidence that cannabis use causes depression and other conditions.
But, whichever direction the causal arrows point, this knowledge will help us better understand those who struggle with marijuana use, and why some people get addicted and others don’t.
This is especially true for young people, as Time reporter Maia Szalavitz writes, “Teens who feel socially disconnected are at the highest risk for all types of addictions, and research shows that one of the best ways to prevent teen drug problems is to identify such youth early, before they turn to drugs.” Perhaps with genetic testing, parents will better know if their child is at risk for addiction.
Turning to the second major finding of the Yale study, that marijuana and schizophrenia share certain genes, sheds light on another area of contention within science. Prior research does suggest that the early use of cannabis in young people is associated with a later onset of psychosis and schizophrenia. This is a long standing correlation which has been studied for years, but some studies argue it’s indeed the cannabis that eventually causes the schizophrenia. But again, the direction of causality is hard to prove.
News
Dele Farotimi regains freedom after meeting bail conditions
Dele Farotimi, a human rights advocate, has been released from the correctional centre in Ekiti state after meeting his bail conditions.
Farotimi was released on Tuesday morning.
Last Friday, a magistrate court in Ado-Ekiti granted Farotimi N30 million bail with two sureties.
Abayomi Adeosun, the magistrate, had ruled that the two sureties must be “responsible citizens in the society”, and one of them must own a house within the jurisdiction of the court.
The defendant was asked to leave his international passport with the court.
Farotimi would also not grant media interviews during the pendency of the case.
News
Yuletide: Lagos state government sets up task force to tackle noise pollution
The Lagos State Government has cautioned residents against noise pollution, especially during the Yuletide season and beyond.
A statement made available to PUNCH Online on Tuesday noted that the state Commissioner for Environment and Water Resources, Mr Tokunbo Wahab, alongside the General Manager, Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency., Dr Babatunde Ajayi, highlighted the government’s measures to curb excessive noise and safeguard public health.
“The Lagos State Government is committed to a zero-tolerance policy on noise pollution, particularly during the Yuletide season and beyond.
“The government has put proactive measures to curb excessive noise and safeguard public health.
“We acknowledged that the festive season brings heightened celebrations and activities that often lead to increased noise levels.
“But we have to prioritise the health and well-being of Lagos residents by reducing noise pollution”, he said.
Wahab added that to ensure compliance with noise regulations, the government had established a Special Task Force on Noise Pollution under the Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency.
According to him, the task force, which includes members of the Lagos State Neighborhood Safety Corps and the Lagos State Environmental Sanitation Corps, will monitor, arrest, and prosecute violators.
Wahab acknowledged that the festive season brings heightened celebrations and activities that often lead to increased noise levels.
He reiterated its commitment to a zero-tolerance policy on noise pollution, saying there was a need to prioritise the health and well-being of Lagos residents by reducing noise pollution.
He warned that unregulated noise poses significant health and environmental risks, which the government would not tolerate.
The commissioner stated that it had become a must for establishments such as worship centres, nightclubs, lounges, and bars to obtain permits from LASEPA for public events involving amplified sound. These venues are required to operate within soundproofed and enclosed spaces to protect neighbouring residents.
He noted that in January 2025, the government would begin intensified public awareness campaigns to educate residents on acceptable noise levels and the benefits of a quieter environment.
Wahab said that collaboration with stakeholders, including religious organisations, business owners, the entertainment industry, and event planners would be a priority.
“Plans are also in place to recognise and reward individuals and organisations that demonstrate exceptional compliance with noise regulations, fostering a culture of responsibility and sustainability” the commissioner assured all.
He commended Governor Babajide Olusola Sanwo-Olu and his deputy, Dr Obafemi Hamzat, for their leadership in promoting environmental sustainability and a healthier Lagos.
He assured residents that the Ministry of Environment and Water Resources would continue to implement policies aligned with the T.H.E.M.E.S Plus Development Agenda to create a cleaner, quieter, and safer Lagos.
Wahab urged Lagosians to join hands with the government in achieving a noiseless and peaceful Lagos, expressing gratitude to the press for their role in raising awareness of government initiatives aimed at improving the quality of life for all residents.
News
FCT resident doctors give Wike two weeks to meet demands
Resident doctors in Abuja, the nation’s capital, have given Nyesom Wike, minister of the federal capital territory (FCT), two weeks to meet their demands.
Speaking with journalists on Monday, George Ebong, president of the Association of Resident Doctors (ARD) FCT chapter, said while the minister is fixing abandoned infrastructure in the FCT, the doctors have now become “abandoned projects”.
“We want the minister to solve the problems so doctors can practice to the best of their ability,” Ebong said.
“We earlier gave a 21-day ultimatum last week during our annual general meeting, leaving 14 days.
“We don’t want the deadliest shutdown that may lead to loss of lives; it is important that the minister listen and act on demand without delays.”
The ARD president said the association wants the minister to clear the six months of salary arrears being owed to members who were employed in 2023.
“The minister should with urgency clear the payment of the medical residency training fund of 2024,” he said.
“Also, we want the minister to review the bonding policy to two years instead of six years.
“Other demands are that we want the minister to enforce the implementation of skipping and issuance of skipping letters to our members employed in 2023, immediate payment of accoutrements allowance for 2024, payment of outgoing 13 months hazard allowance arrears, and the FCTA management should fast-track conversion of ARD FCTA post two members to consultants and expedite the process of employment of health care workers to buffer the manpower shortage in the nation’s capital hospitals.”
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